From roughly the time of the Exile through the destruction of Jerusalem and beyond, many groups within the Jewish and Judeo-Christian worldviews expected a resurrection "at the end of the age", along with judgment from God.
Of course, the New Testament clearly claims that Jesus was physically resurrected after his crucifixion. According to the accounts, he spent time with his disciples after the event, and then left the planet with the promise that he'd return.
We picked up the story in I Corinthians, where Paul is dealing with the same question our Tuesday night group was dealing with. In chapter 2 verses 14-15 he writes:
"But a natural man does not accept the things of the Spirit of God, for they are foolishness to him; and he cannot understand them, because they are spiritually appraised. But he who is spiritual appraises all things, yet he himself is appraised by no one."Now that's the New American Standard translation. Here's the interesting thing: that word the NAS renders "natural" is psychikon in the original language. And the word the NAS renders "spiritual" is pneumatikon in Greek.
The root of psychikon is psyche - typically translated "the soul, or the emotional, feeling and thinking part of a person". We get our word "psychology" from psyche. Of course, the root of pneumatikon is pnuema - for "breath or spirit".
And the -ikon endings translate to "pertaining to or associated with". Tom Wright, in The Resurrection of the Son of God says, and he persuades me to agree, that in the context of chapter 2, the -ikon endings for those words would be best translated "animated by".
And in the verses just before this passage, Paul had been comparing the wisdom of "this age" with the "hidden wisdom" that came from God, wisdom regarding the age to come.
So perhaps a better rendering of the Greek would be:
"But a man animated and energized by the current order of things and by the common wisdom or psychology of this age does not accept the things of the Spirit of God ... But he who is animated and energized by the Spirit and by the wisdom of the age to come appraises all things...".Then Paul discusses the resurrection directly in chapter 15, and Wright points out that Paul uses these same words in 15:44 and onwards:
"it is sown a natural body, it is raised a spiritual body. If there is a natural body, there is also a spiritual body."The phrase "natural body" = soma psychikon and "spiritual body" = soma pneumatikon in the Greek text.
So a better translation of 15:44 might be:
"it is sown a body animated by the soul, by the psychology and by the wisdom of this age, it is raised a body animated by the Spirit and by the wisdom of the age to come."See that? The resurrection produces a soma, a body that is...a body! It has real, concrete physicality. We don't become Casper the Friendly Ghost in some disembodied existence.
Nope - we get a new physical body that is powered, energized or animated by the Spirit of God. Connect this with Revelation 19 through 22 and what do you get? It's truly awesome!
Now the tricky part comes when we remember that in 1 Corinthians 2 - Paul is expecting us today, right here, right now - to live as anthropos pneumatikon (people animated by the Spirit and by the wisdom of the age to come). Did you get that?
We are to be energized every day and every moment by the reality of the resurrection and the kingdom to come.
Of course, the "now/not yet" tension that runs all through the New Testament is hugely present here. So this is tough to do when we've still got these old "corruptible" bodies. But God's Spirit inside us does the trick.
We've just gotta pay a lot more attention to him.
Father, give me the sense to be pneumatikon rather than psuchikon. Help me to be energized by, animated by and consumed with the wisdom of the kingdom to come. Give me the will and the strength to live now, as best I can, as if I were soma pneumatikon - until that great day when Messiah returns and makes everything new.







